edgeblown

Edgeblown is a term used in organology to describe wind instruments whose sound is produced when the player's breath is directed against a sharp edge, causing the airstream to split and excite the resonating air column. Unlike reed instruments or lip-reed brass, edgeblown instruments rely on the edge itself to initiate vibration.

Mechanism and technique: The edge can be a notch or labium in a ducted system or an exposed edge on an open pipe. The player controls pitch by opening and closing finger holes and by adjusting air pressure and embouchure, while articulation is achieved with the tongue and breath.

Scope and examples: Edgeblown encompasses most flutes in the traditional sense. Examples include transverse flutes such as the Western concert flute and many end-blown instruments like the recorder family, tin whistles, and bamboo flutes in various cultures. Some instruments use a duct or fipple to direct air to the edge, while others are open-ended.

History and prevalence: Edgeblown aerophones are among the oldest wind instruments, with forms found in many ancient civilizations and continuing through modern orchestras and folk ensembles. The design varies widely by culture, material, and performance practice.

See also: Flute, Wind instrument, Hornbostel-Sachs classification, Recorder.