départment

Département is a term primarily used in France and some other French-speaking countries to refer to a primary administrative division. It is a subdivision of a larger territorial entity, typically a region. The concept of the département was created during the French Revolution in 1789 as a way to standardize administrative organization across the country, replacing the old provinces.

Each département is headed by a Prefect, who is appointed by the national government and responsible for implementing national policies and maintaining order. Local administration is handled by a departmental council, elected by the citizens of the département. These councils have responsibilities in areas such as social services, education, infrastructure, and cultural development.

The number of départements in France is 101, including the overseas departments. They are identified by a unique two-digit number, which is also used in postal codes and vehicle registration plates. This numbering system provides a consistent way to refer to each département. Other countries, such as Belgium, Switzerland, and Haiti, also use the term "département" or a similar concept for their administrative divisions, though the specific governmental structures and responsibilities may vary. The département serves as a crucial link between the national government and local communities, facilitating governance and public service delivery.