desmedidos

Desmedidos is an adjective in Spanish that describes something that exceeds what is proper, normal, or necessary. It is used to refer to quantities, attitudes, or evaluations that surpass reasonable bounds, often with a critical or evaluative nuance. Common contexts include desmedidos gastos (excessive expenses), desmedidos elogios (extravagant praise), and desmedidas expectativas (unrealistic expectations).

Etymology and sense: the term comes from the prefix des- meaning negation or excess, attached to medido, the past participle of medir (to measure). Literally, desmedido conveys the idea of “beyond measure.” The word carries a strong subjective charge, signaling that the excess is inappropriate or unwarranted.

Usage and nuances: desmedidos is versatile and can modify masculine plural nouns (desmedidos gastos), feminine plural nouns (desmedidas ambiciones), or be used in the singular with a feminine noun (una muestra desmedida). It often appears in contrast with moderado, mesurado, or comedido, emphasizing a lack of restraint. In literary or rhetorical contexts, desmedidos can amplify dramatic effect or moral judgment.

Synonyms and related terms: desmesurado and excesivo are closely related, with desmesurado sometimes seen as more formal or neutral, while desmedido emphasizes excess that is inappropriate. Antonyms include moderado, mesurado, and comedido.

See also: expressions of praise or wastefulness, and discussions of fiscal prudence or rhetorical excess. In English, equivalents include excessive, immoderate, or extravagant, depending on context.