cornflower

Cornflower, or Centaurea cyanus, is an annual flowering plant in the aster family (Asteraceae). Native to Europe, it is commonly known as cornflower or bachelor’s button and is recognizable for its bright blue blooms, though white and pink forms occur. Historically a weed of cereal fields, it is now grown as an ornamental and cut flower.

It grows 20–60 cm tall with slender, branched stems and narrow, lanceolate leaves. The inflorescence consists of one or more flower heads with tufted blue ray florets surrounding a central disc. Flowers open in midsummer. Numerous cultivars have white, pink, or purple flowers, including double or semi-double forms.

Native to Europe, the cornflower has been introduced worldwide as a garden plant and has naturalized in parts of North America, Australia, and elsewhere. It prefers sunny, well-drained sites and tolerates poorer soils, often thriving in fields, meadows, and disturbed ground near roadsides.

Cultivation and uses: It is commonly grown in borders, cottage gardens, and as a cut flower or dried arrangement. It self-seeds readily in temperate climates. The flowers are edible and are used as a decorative garnish in salads and desserts; dried blossoms are used in crafts and potpourri.

Ecology and taxonomy: Belonging to the genus Centaurea within Asteraceae, Centaurea cyanus attracts bees and butterflies and serves as a nectar source in many gardens. It can be susceptible to common fungal diseases such as powdery mildew, especially in humid conditions. In some cultures, the cornflower is a symbol of remembrance; in France, the Bleuet de France is used on Armistice Day.