asbesto

Asbesto is a term used for asbestos, a family of naturally occurring fibrous minerals valued for their heat resistance and durability. The most common form is chrysotile (serpentine); other forms belong to the amphibole group, including amosite, crocidolite, tremolite, actinolite, and anthophyllite. These minerals form microscopic fibers that can be released into the air when asbestos-containing materials are damaged or disturbed, posing a health risk if inhaled.

Uses and properties: Historically, asbestos fibers were added to insulating materials, fireproofing, cement products, roofing, flooring, brake linings, and textiles. Their resistance to heat, chemical stability, and strength made them widespread in construction and industry. Today many countries restrict or ban asbestos use, and products containing it are gradually phased out or handled as hazardous material.

Health effects and risk: Inhalation of asbestos fibers can cause asbestosis (lung fibrosis), pleural diseases, lung cancer, and mesothelioma. The latency period often spans decades, and risk increases with the intensity and duration of exposure, as well as fiber type and size. There is no proven safe level of exposure.

Regulation and handling: Nations have enacted bans or strict controls on asbestos, with ongoing remediation of existing asbestos-containing materials in older buildings. Safe handling and removal should be conducted by licensed professionals under appropriate containment and protective measures. Disposal follows hazardous-waste regulations, and alternatives are commonly used in new construction.