antigénjei

Antigénjei refers to the antigens of something. Antigens are molecules that can trigger an immune response, particularly the production of antibodies. They are typically foreign substances, such as parts of bacteria, viruses, fungi, or other microorganisms, but can also include abnormal cells like cancer cells or transplanted tissues. The immune system recognizes these antigens as non-self and initiates a defense mechanism to neutralize or eliminate them. This recognition is a crucial part of adaptive immunity. Antibodies are proteins produced by specialized white blood cells called B cells, and they bind specifically to antigens, marking them for destruction by other immune cells or neutralizing their harmful effects. The presence of specific antigens on the surface of pathogens or cells is what the immune system identifies as a threat. The study of antigens is fundamental to understanding infectious diseases, allergies, autoimmune disorders, and the development of vaccines, which work by exposing the immune system to specific antigens to build immunity without causing illness.