antiHLAantilichamen

antiHLAantilichamen is not a standard term in mainstream immunology. It appears to combine the concept of anti-HLA antibodies with a broader notion of anti-lymphocyte antibodies. In practice, the phrase can be read as referring to antibodies directed against human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules, which are present on most nucleated cells and on donor leukocytes. HLA antibodies can target class I or class II antigens and are commonly generated after exposure events such as transfusion, pregnancy, or organ transplantation. These antibodies can influence immune responses against transplanted tissues and can affect transfusion outcomes.

In transplantation, donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies are a major factor in antibody-mediated rejection and can reduce graft survival. Non-donor-specific HLA antibodies may also impact the risk profile for recipients. In transfusion medicine, anti-HLA antibodies can contribute to platelet refractoriness and transfusion complications, particularly in patients who have been sensitized.

Detection and interpretation of anti-HLA antibodies rely on several laboratory methods. Screening tests for HLA antibodies are followed by more specific assays to identify individual antibodies, such as Luminex single-antigen bead assays. Crossmatching techniques, including flow cytometry and cell-based tests, help determine compatibility between donor and recipient. Results are often summarized as panel reactive antibodies (PRA) and as lists of donor-specific antibodies.

Management focuses on reducing sensitization or avoiding incompatible donors. Desensitization strategies may include plasmapheresis, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), rituximab, or other immunomodulatory therapies. In transplantation, careful donor-recipient matching and monitoring for antibody-mediated rejection are important. Terminologically, antiHLAantinichamen is not widely used; standard terms are anti-HLA antibodies or anti-lymphocyte antibodies used in appropriate contexts.