aflossingskalender

Aflossingskalender, or amortization schedule, is a schedule that lays out each payment on a loan over its term, showing how every payment is split between interest and principal and how the loan balance declines over time.

It typically includes the payment date, the total payment amount, the portion that goes to interest, the portion that goes to principal, and the remaining loan balance after each payment. Some schedules also show cumulative interest and cumulative principal.

For fixed-rate loans with level payments, the payment amount can be calculated using the periodic rate r and the number of payments n, for example by the formula: payment = r × L / (1 − (1 + r)^(−n)), where L is the loan amount. In such schedules, the interest portion is larger at the start and decreases over time, while the principal portion grows, until the balance reaches zero.

Aflossingskalender is used to budget repayments, compare loan offers, and project total borrowing costs. It also helps borrowers understand the impact of extra payments or changes in terms, since additional principal reduces interest cost and can shorten the loan term. Some loans follow different amortization profiles, such as straight-line amortization, interest-only with a balloon payment, or adjustable-rate loans where the schedule changes with the rate.

Limitations include assumptions of constant rates and terms; they may not include fees, insurance, or taxes. Prepayment penalties, grace periods, or irregular payment patterns can also affect the actual payoff compared with the schedule.