aeroport

An aeroport is a facility designed for the takeoff, landing and circulation of aircraft. It serves as a gateway for passenger travel, cargo transport and aviation services, and typically includes runways, taxiways, aprons, terminal buildings, control towers and support infrastructure such as hangars, fuel services and fire and rescue facilities. In many languages the term aeroporto/aéroport refers to the same concept.

Layout and operations at an aeroport are organized to maximize safety and efficiency. Runways and taxiways support aircraft movements, while terminals house check-in, security screening, immigration, boarding gates and passenger amenities. Cargo facilities, maintenance areas and ground-handling services support non-passenger operations. Air traffic control coordinates aircraft movements in the airport’s airspace and on the ground, while airport operations teams manage safety, security, signage, and facilities maintenance.

Regulation and standards governing aéroport operations come from national civil aviation authorities and international bodies such as the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the International Air Transport Association (IATA). Airports are identified by codes: IATA three-letter codes used by airlines and ticketing, and ICAO four-letter codes used for air traffic control and flight planning.

Types and roles vary: international airports handle customs and immigration for cross-border flights; domestic airports operate within a single country; hub airports concentrate connections for transfer passengers; regional and cargo airports serve smaller markets or freight needs. Economically, airports support employment, trade and tourism, while environmental considerations drive noise management, emissions reduction and sustainable design.