UPF

UPF is an initialism that can refer to several concepts depending on the context. The two most common meanings are Ultra-Processed Food in nutrition and Ultraviolet Protection Factor in textiles.

Ultra-Processed Food: In the NOVA food classification, UPF denotes foods that are formulations of ingredients, typically with substances derived from foods and additives, and with little or no intact natural food. These products are often energy-dense and high in added sugars, fats, and salt, while being low in fiber and micronutrients. Examples include soft drinks, packaged snacks, reconstituted meats, and many ready-to-eat meals. Some research has associated high UPF consumption with higher risks of obesity, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and all-cause mortality, though findings are not universally causal and interpretations vary. Public health guidance generally encourages limiting UPF in favor of minimally processed foods, such as vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and lean proteins.

Ultraviolet Protection Factor: In textiles, UPF is a rating that indicates how well fabric protects skin from ultraviolet radiation. The UPF rating reflects the fraction of UV that passes through the fabric; higher values denote greater protection. Common values range from UPF 15 (about 93% of UV blocked) to UPF 50+ (75% to over 98% blocked, depending on the wavelength). Ratings apply to both UVA and UVB and are determined by standardized laboratory tests. Protection can be affected by fabric type, color, weave, wetness, and wear. UPF is distinct from sunscreen SPF and is used to describe clothing and fabrics, not a topical product.