Trondheim

Trondheim is a city and municipality in central Norway. It is the administrative center of Trøndelag county and sits at the mouth of the Nidelva river on the Trondheim Fjord, inland from the Norwegian Sea. The city has about 210,000 residents in the municipality and around 270,000 in the metropolitan area.

Historically, Trondheim traces back to a Viking settlement and was established around 997 by King Olaf Tryggvason. It was known as Kaupangen and later as Nidaros, the medieval capital and seat of Norway's archbishopric established in 1152. Nidaros Cathedral, begun in the 1070s, remains a major landmark. Kristiansten Fortress, built in the late 17th century to defend the town, overlooks the city.

Geography and landmarks: The city center includes the Bakklandet district with wooden houses and the Gamle Bybro, the Old Town Bridge, across the Nidelva. Other notable sites include the Ringve Museum at Lade, Norway's national museum of music, and the city’s green spaces along the river and fjord.

Education and research: Trondheim is a major educational hub, home to the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) and several research institutes, including SINTEF. This combination supports technology, science, medicine and engineering sectors.

Economy and culture: The economy is driven by education, research, technology and public services, with a growing tech and startup scene. Cultural life includes the St. Olav Festival and the Trondheim Jazz Festival, as well as museums and theaters.

Transport and climate: The city is served by Trondheim Airport Værnes and Trondheim Central Station, with rail connections along the Dovre Line to Oslo and the Nordland Line to Bodø. It has a temperate oceanic climate, characterized by mild winters, cool summers, and varying daylight.