Scrutinies

Scrutinies refer to a group of liturgical rites within the Catholic Church’s Rite of Christian Initiation of Adults (RCIA) designed for the elect, the catechumens preparing for baptism at Easter. The term derives from Latin scrutinium, meaning an examination or inquiry. The scrutinies are intended to deepen the elect’s conversion, assist in acknowledging sin and weakness, and strengthen faith through the parish community.

The primary purpose of the scrutinies is to uncover and confront what remains imperfect in the lives of the elect, inviting repentance and ongoing formation. They also enlist the community in prayers and intercession for the elect, as part of their preparation for baptism, confirmation, and Eucharist. Elements commonly associated with the rites include petitions of intercession and, in many communities, a rite of exorcism or prayers for spiritual healing. The rituals may also involve the use of sacred anointings with oils as part of the broader initiation process, though specific practices vary by diocese.

Traditionally, there are three scrutinies, held on the third, fourth, and fifth Sundays of Lent. Each scrutiny features a liturgical proclamation of the Word, a period of prayer, and rites that emphasize faith, repentance, and reliance on God’s grace. While the overall intent remains consistent, the exact form and read­ing selections can differ among dioceses and liturgical books.

Historically, the scrutinies evolved from early Christian catechumenate practices and were retained or adapted in modern RCIA programs following the reforms of the Second Vatican Council. They are distinct from but related to the other RCIA steps, such as the Rite of Acceptance and the final sacraments at Easter.