Sanke

Sanke, also known as Taisho Sanke, is a tri-color koi variety distinguished by a white base with red (hi) and black (sumi) markings. It is one of the three major traditional koi varieties, alongside Kohaku (white and red only) and Showa Sanshoku (white, red, and black with a different pattern distribution).

Origin and development: Sanke originated in Japan during the Taisho period (approximately 1912–1926). It is commonly believed to have been developed from Kohaku stock by introducing black sumi to produce a three-color pattern. The name Sanke stems from the Japanese term for “three colors.”

Coloration and pattern: In well-developed Sanke, the white base is clean and the red markings are well defined and balanced across the body. Black sumi should appear as distinct, restrained markings and is usually distributed on the body or fins rather than dominating the head. Ideally, sumi is kept to a minimum on the head to preserve the white and red contrast. Pattern quality is judged by harmony, balance among colors, and the clarity of the boundaries between hi, shiroji (white), and sumi.

Comparison with related varieties: Kohaku features white and red only, without black. Showa Sanshoku uses white, red, and black but typically displays a different distribution where sumi can be more extensive and interwoven with the red and white patterns. Sanke is characterized by a tri-color composition with a penchant for controlled sumi that complements the hi and shiroji rather than overwhelming them.

Care and keeping: Like other koi, Sanke require stable water quality, appropriate filtration, and regular feeding with balanced koi diets. With proper care, Sanke can grow to substantial sizes and live for many years in outdoor ponds.