Perna

Perna is a genus of marine bivalves in the family Mytilidae, commonly referred to as mussels. Species within this genus are found in coastal waters around the world, especially in temperate and tropical zones, where they attach to rocky substrates and other hard surfaces.

Notable species include Perna canaliculus, the green-lipped mussel, native to New Zealand; Perna viridis, the Asian green mussel, widespread in the Indo-Pacific region; and Perna perna, the brown mussel, found along Africa’s Atlantic coasts and parts of southern Europe. These mussels are typically long-lived, filter-feeding organisms that form colonies or beds in intertidal and shallow subtidal zones. They attach to substrates by byssal threads and are commonly harvested for food.

Perna mussels are valued for their nutritional qualities, including high protein content and minerals. They are cultured and farmed in various systems, such as raft, longline, and on-bottom culture, depending on local conditions. Aquaculture and wild-harvest practices contribute to regional economies, but sustainable management is important to protect wild stocks, maintain water quality, and prevent disease spread.

Ecologically, Perna species play roles in nutrient cycling and habitat structure on rocky shores, but they can also become invasive if introduced to non-native areas, potentially impacting local communities and ecosystems. As with many aquaculture species, research focuses on disease resistance, selective breeding, and environmental tolerances to support resilient production.

In addition to its use as a biological term, Perna may appear as a surname in some cultures. The genus name is of Latin origin and has been preserved in scientific nomenclature since the 18th century.