Orgelbüchlein

Orgelbüchlein, translating to Little Organ Book, is a collection of 46 organ chorale preludes by Johann Sebastian Bach. It is traditionally assigned to Bach’s Weimar period, compiled around 1713–1717, and is catalogued as BWV 599–644. The pieces were conceived as a practical resource for church use and for teaching, providing concise, idiomatic settings of Lutheran hymn tunes to accompany congregational singing.

Each prelude in the Orgelbüchlein centers on a chorale melody (cantus firmus) and is crafted to illustrate the liturgical text while showcasing organ technique. The works vary in character and difficulty, ranging from straightforward melodic elaboration to intricate polyphony and dramatic pedal or registration effects. The collection as a whole serves both devotional function and pedagogical purpose, illustrating how chorale tunes can be treated in diverse textures, rhythms, and harmonies.

The autographs remained largely unpublished during Bach’s lifetime. A complete publication in the 19th century appeared as part of the Bach-Gesellschaft edition, with later critical editions by the Neue Bach-Ausgabe refining sources and interpretation. Today the Orgelbüchlein is regarded as a central pillar of organ repertoire, valued for its compact form, musical clarity, and insight into Bach’s approach to chorale writing. It is widely performed in recitals and studied by organists as both repertoire and instructional material.