Nonprescription

Nonprescription, or over-the-counter (OTC), refers to medicines and related health products that may be purchased without a prescription. They are intended for self-care and relief of common, minor conditions such as headaches, colds, allergies, and indigestion. This category contrasts with prescription-only medicines, which require authorization from a clinician due to safety concerns or risk of misuse.

Regulation of nonprescription products varies by country but generally involves agencies that assess safety, quality, and efficacy for the intended OTC uses. Products must have clear labeling with indications, dosing, warnings, contraindications, and potential drug interactions. In some jurisdictions medicines can be switched from prescription to OTC after review, and some places maintain pharmacist-assisted access for certain drugs (behind-the-counter).

Common categories include analgesics such as acetaminophen and ibuprofen, antacids, antihistamines, decongestants, cough suppressants, laxatives, topical agents like sunscreens and antiseptics, and dietary supplements. Availability and naming conventions vary; not all products marketed as OTC meet the same standards in every country.

Benefits include easier access, lower costs for minor ailments, and reduced demand on healthcare services. Risks involve misdiagnosis, incorrect dosing, interactions with other medicines, allergies, and harm to children or individuals with chronic conditions. Users should follow labeling, store products safely, and seek professional advice if symptoms persist, worsen, or recur.

Because regulatory frameworks differ internationally, the exact products, labeling, and controls may vary by jurisdiction. Consumers should follow local guidance and consider consulting a healthcare professional when unsure.