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Niedersachsen

Niedersachsen, or Lower Saxony, is a federal state (Bundesland) of Germany located in the northwestern part of the country. It is the second-largest German state by area, covering about 47,600 square kilometers. The capital and largest city is Hanover (Hannover). The population is around eight million people, making it one of the more populous German states. The state has a North Sea coastline and a varied landscape that includes the North German Plain, the Harz mountains in the southeast, and the Lüneburg Heath.

Geography and regions: Niedersachsen encompasses a wide range of environments, from coastal estuaries along the Jade

History: The modern state was established in 1946 after World War II by merging the former Free

Economy and infrastructure: Niedersachsen has a diversified economy with a strong automotive sector (Volkswagen Group operates

Culture: The region features Low German (Plattdeutsch) dialects, distinct cultural landscapes like East Frisia and the

and
Weser
to
inland
forests
and
heathlands.
The
Weser
River
flows
through
the
state,
supporting
notable
urban
centers
such
as
Bremen
(a
city-state
enclaved
within
Niedersachsen)
and
Wolfsburg,
while
Hanover
serves
as
a
major
transport
and
economic
hub.
The
Harz
region
contains
historic
towns
and
natural
areas
that
are
popular
for
tourism
and
recreation.
State
of
Brunswick,
the
Free
State
of
Oldenburg,
the
Prussian
Province
of
Hanover,
and
parts
of
the
Province
of
Saxony.
The
name
refers
to
the
historic
region
of
Lower
Saxony,
and
the
state
includes
areas
such
as
East
Frisia,
the
Harz,
and
parts
of
the
old
Brunswick-Lüneburg
duchies.
its
headquarters
and
major
plants
in
Wolfsburg).
Other
industries
include
mechanical
engineering,
logistics,
agriculture,
and
energy.
Hannover
hosts
major
trade
fairs
such
as
Hannover
Messe.
The
state
is
served
by
several
universities,
including
the
University
of
Göttingen,
Leibniz
University
Hannover,
Technical
University
Braunschweig,
and
University
of
Oldenburg.
Lüneburg
Heath,
and
a
variety
of
historic
towns
and
architectural
heritage.