Naturraums

Naturraum (plural Naturräume) is a term used in geography and landscape science to describe the natural space of a region, defined by its physical environment and processes rather than by human modification. It denotes the environmental conditions and natural potentials of a landscape, encompassing climate, relief (topography), soils, water resources, vegetation and fauna, as well as natural dynamics such as erosion or sedimentation.

Across disciplines, Naturräume are used to categorize landscapes into naturräumliche Einheiten or natural regions, which emphasize the abiotic and biotic components and their interactions. This approach focuses on the landscape as a system whose structure and function are shaped by natural forces, and it distinguishes the natural potential from actual land use.

In practice, Naturräume serve as a reference framework for mapping, regional planning, conservation, and ecological assessment. They help planners understand where natural processes may constrain or enable certain land uses, identify areas of high biodiversity or ecological value, and establish conservation priorities. They are often contrasted with the concept of Kulturraum, or cultural space, which emphasizes human settlement, economic activities, and social factors that alter the landscape.

Note on terminology: the standard plural is Naturräume; Naturraums is rarely used. Nonetheless, the concept remains a useful basis for understanding regional ecology and guiding sustainable management.