Materializacja

Materializacja, or materialization in English, is the process by which something intangible or potential becomes tangible or actual in the material world. It can refer to the appearance of a physical object, the embodiment of a plan, or the conversion of an idea into a concrete outcome.

In science and technology, materialization has specialized uses. In databases, a materialized view is a stored, precomputed result of a query used to speed data retrieval. In physics, materialization may describe the creation of particles from energy, as in certain high-energy processes where energy is converted into matter.

In occultism and spiritualism, materialization denotes claims that an immaterial entity such as a spirit can assume a visible or corporeal form, often during séances with mediums or phenomena like ectoplasm. These claims are highly controversial and lack empirical support.

In philosophy and anthropology, materialization can describe how abstract concepts, beliefs, or social processes take on material form through artifacts, institutions, or rituals, a perspective central to the study of material culture and embodiment.

The term is widely used across disciplines, but its exact meaning depends on context: from practical mechanisms in information systems to speculative or historical notions in metaphysical and cultural discussions.