Lessthantruckload

Less-than-truckload (LTL) is a freight shipping method used for relatively small shipments that do not fill an entire truck. In an LTL move, multiple shippers share a single trailer, with each shipment occupying a portion of the space. LTL is widely used by small to midsize businesses and for goods that move between regional terminals and nationwide networks.

How it works: Carriers operate networks of terminals and hubs. Pickup requests are collected, freight is consolidated with other shipments at regional terminals, and then routed to the destination terminal for final delivery. The process relies on cross-docking and multi-stop routes, which reduces wasted capacity but can result in longer transit times than full-truckload (FTL) service.

Rates and classification: LTL pricing typically depends on weight, shipment size, and a freight class assigned under the National Motor Freight Classification system. Class reflects density, space efficiency, handling, and liability. Prices include a base rate plus fuel surcharges and potential accessorial charges for liftgate service, residential delivery, inside delivery, appointment windows, and other services. Proper palletization and packaging are important to prevent damage.

Service considerations: Transit times vary by distance and service level, commonly ranging from one to several days. LTL carries a higher risk of damage or loss than FTL due to multiple handlings, but offers lower shipping costs for smaller shipments. Shippers should provide accurate weights and dimensions, label shipments clearly, and consider additional insurance or declared value for higher coverage.