Jugglers

Jugglers are performers or hobbyists who keep several objects in motion, typically by catching and throwing in controlled patterns. Common props include balls, clubs, and rings, with others such as scarves or fire torches used in specialized acts. Juggling can be practiced solo or in groups, from casual street performance to formal stage shows. Some jugglers focus on a single prop, while others blend different props and styles.

Historically, juggling has roots in ancient and medieval street entertainment. In the modern era, it gained organization and technique through circuses and clubs. The International Jugglers' Association (IJA), founded in 1948, is one of the oldest and largest organizations, supporting education, competitions, and conventions. National and regional groups, such as the British Juggling Association, promote standards and events worldwide.

Techniques center on rhythm and control. The fundamental pattern is the cascade, with three objects tossed in alternating hands along a circular path. Other common patterns include the shower, Mills Mess, and asynchronous patterns for multiple props. Many jugglers advance through progressions, practice drills, and routine records, and some compete in timing, tricks, or endurance. Training emphasizes coordination, footwork, and safe catching and releasing.

Performance contexts range from street corners and festivals to theater and television. Fire juggling, LED props, and contact juggling add theatrical variety but require safety precautions and training. Competitions and festivals provide judging criteria for difficulty, artistry, and consistency, helping jugglers share routines and techniques.

Notable figures include Anthony Gatto, widely regarded as one of the greatest jugglers, known for high-precision multi-ball routines and rapid recovery. Through organizations such as the IJA and WJF, jugglers document records, publish guides, and preserve the craft.