Johors

Johors, commonly referred to as Johor, is a state in southern Malaysia. It borders Negeri Sembilan and Malacca on the Malay Peninsula and lies along the Johor Strait opposite Singapore, with coastlines on the Malacca Strait to the west and the South China Sea to the east. The state capital and largest city is Johor Bahru, while the administrative capital and seat of government is Kota Iskandar in Iskandar Puteri. The state is subdivided into districts that include Muar, Batu Pahat, Kluang, Mersing, Segamat, and Pontian.

Johor traces its history to the Sultanate of Johor, a Malay polity that rose as a successor to the Johor-Riau empire. It became part of Malaysia at its formation in 1957 and joined the federation in 1963. The sultan is the ceremonial head of state; as of recent years the ruler has been Sultan Ibrahim Ismail. Executive power at the state level is held by a Menteri Besar and a state cabinet, while legislative responsibilities belong to the Johor State Legislative Assembly.

Economy: The state is a growing manufacturing and logistics hub, supported by Iskandar Malaysia, a development corridor centered around Johor Bahru and nearby Nusajaya. Key industries include electronics manufacturing, petrochemicals, palm oil processing, and tourism. Major transportation links include the Port of Tanjung Pelepas, a major container port, and Senai International Airport. The state is connected to Singapore by the Johor–Singapore Causeway and the Tuas Second Link, facilitating cross-border trade and commuting.

Demographics: Johor is ethnically diverse, with large Malay majorities and significant Chinese and Indian communities. Malay is the official language; English is widely used in business and government, and Mandarin and Tamil are common among the Chinese and Indian communities. Islam is the state religion, with Buddhism, Christianity, and Hinduism also practiced. Culturally, Johor is known for traditional dances, cuisine, and historic sites.

Notable sites include Tanjung Piai, the southernmost point of mainland Asia; Legoland Malaysia Resort in Nusajaya; and a range of historic towns such as Johor Bahru's old royal precincts. The state's coastline, islands, and parks also attract visitors.