Gemeinschaftsschulen

Gemeinschaftsschulen are a form of secondary school in Germany that aims to provide inclusive education by keeping students with different educational backgrounds in a single school community from the fifth grade onward. The model is implemented in several states, with variations in structure and terminology; in most cases, students attend the same school from grade 5 through at least grade 10, and sometimes through grade 12 or 13.

A central feature is a common curriculum and shared learning environment for all students, supplemented by targeted tutoring, language support, and differentiated instruction to meet diverse needs. The approach emphasizes inclusion, social integration, and equity, while allowing for individualized learning plans and regular performance feedback. Some schools employ mixed-ability classes, while offering supplementary tracks or electives to support higher attainment.

Pathways and qualifications depend on state rules. At the end of lower secondary years, students typically can obtain a Hauptschulabschluss, a Realschulabschluss, or a Fachoberschulreife. In many states, there are pathways within or alongside the Gemeinschaftsschule to pursue higher qualifications, including the Allgemeine Hochschulreife (Abitur) through upper level courses or additional years.

The Gemeinschaftsschule is part of broader reforms aimed at reducing early tracking and promoting inclusive education. Its exact structure, duration, and qualification options vary by state, and the concept is closely related to other integrated schooling models such as the Integrierte Gesamtschule (IGS).