FGase

FGase is a term used to describe fluorinated gases, a broad class of synthetic compounds that contain fluorine. These gases are produced for a variety of industrial applications and exhibit diverse properties, including chemical stability, low flammability in some cases, and, for many members, high global warming potential.

The FGase family includes several subgroups commonly encountered in industry. Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) are widely used as refrigerants and in some manufacturing processes. Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) are used in electronics, specialty solvents, and plasma processes. Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) serves as an insulating and switching gas in electrical equipment. Nitrogen trifluoride (NF3) is employed in semiconductor manufacturing and surface treatment. Collectively, FGases cover hundreds of individual compounds with varying physical states, reactivities, and lifetimes in the atmosphere.

Environmental impact is a central consideration for FGases. Many FGases have high global warming potentials and long atmospheric lifetimes, meaning small emissions can have outsized climate effects. Consequently, governments regulate their production, use, and end-of-life handling. Key regulatory frameworks include global efforts to phase down high-GWP FGases under amendments to the Montreal Protocol and regional programs that require containment, leak reduction, recycling, and reporting of emissions.

Mitigation strategies emphasize leakage prevention, gas capture and reclamation, and the substitution of low-GWP or natural alternatives where feasible. Advances in destruction technologies and improved recycling practices are also part of ongoing efforts to reduce the climate impact of FGases while maintaining their necessary industrial functions.