Cyrtacanthacridinae

Cyrtacanthacridinae is a subfamily of grasshoppers within the family Acrididae, order Orthoptera. It comprises a diverse group of large, flight-capable grasshoppers that are commonly referred to as locusts when they occur in swarming phases. The subfamily includes several genera and species that are important agricultural pests in various regions. In many taxonomic schemes, well-known locusts such as the desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria) and the migratory locust (Locusta migratoria) are placed in Cyrtacanthacridinae, though the exact composition of genera varies among classifications. Other genera frequently cited within the subfamily include Cyrtacanthacris, Locusta, and Schistocerca.

Biology and ecology: Cyrtacanthacridinae grasshoppers are herbivorous and occupy open habitats such as grasslands, savannas, arid and semi-arid environments, and agricultural landscapes. They typically possess strong hind legs for jumping, and many species have wings that enable long-distance flight. A defining feature of several species in this group is phase polyphenism: solitary individuals may transition to a gregarious phase under high population density, forming large swarms that can migrate over considerable distances and cause extensive vegetation damage.

Distribution and impact: Members of Cyrtacanthacridinae occur in warm regions of Africa, Asia, and parts of Europe and the Americas. Swarm outbreaks from these locusts can have substantial economic and ecological consequences, prompting monitoring and control programs by governments and international organizations. Taxonomic boundaries within the subfamily are subject to revision as systematic studies continue.