CD8cellssvar

CD8+ T cells, also known as cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), are a type of T lymphocyte that play a crucial role in the adaptive immune system. These cells are characterized by the presence of a CD8 glycoprotein on their surface, which acts as a co-receptor for the T cell receptor (TCR). The primary function of CD8+ T cells is to identify and eliminate cells that are infected by viruses, intracellular bacteria, or that have become cancerous.

Upon activation, typically by recognizing specific antigens presented by MHC class I molecules on the surface of target cells, CD8+ T cells become potent effectors. They can directly kill target cells through the release of cytotoxic molecules like perforin and granzymes, or by inducing apoptosis. This cell-mediated immunity is essential for controlling intracellular pathogens and preventing the spread of malignant cells. CD8+ T cells can also differentiate into memory cells, which provide long-lasting immunity against previously encountered pathogens. Their precise identification and elimination of abnormal cells make them a cornerstone of immune surveillance and defense.