Analyser

An analyser is a device, instrument, or person that performs analysis, the systematic examination of something to determine its components, properties, or structure. In science and engineering, analysers transform physical or chemical information into data that can be interpreted and used for decision making. In computing, a software analyser inspects code, data, or runtime behaviour to identify patterns, defects, or performance characteristics.

Common instrument types include spectrum analyser, which measures the frequency components of an electrical signal; gas analyser, which measures the concentration of gases in a sample; and chromatographic analysers, detectors used in mass spectrometry, and optical analysers used in material testing or environmental monitoring. Modern analysers typically provide digital outputs and interfaces for data logging and control systems.

In data processing and software development, analysers can be static (examining code without execution) or dynamic (analyzing behavior during execution). Network analysers inspect network traffic to diagnose connectivity and security issues. In laboratory contexts, analysers automate tests and quantify substances, enabling high-throughput analysis in medical, chemical, and environmental laboratories.

Spelling varies by region: analyser is the standard British English form, while analyzer is common in American English. The term can also refer to a person who performs analysis, such as a scientist, reviewer, or data analyst.