Amphisbaena

Amphisbaena refers to two related, but distinct, topics: a genus of legless reptiles and a figure in ancient mythology. In biology, Amphisbaena is a genus of worm lizards in the family Amphisbaenidae, a group of predominantly fossorial squamates.

Amphisbaenians are elongated, limbless reptiles adapted to burrowing. Their bodies are cylindrical with annuli, ring-like skin segments, which give a wormlike appearance. They typically have a burrowing snout and a short tail; eyes are small and often covered by scales. They move through soil by undulation and lateral head movements, using tactile cues to locate prey.

Distribution and ecology: The genus is found in the Americas, especially in tropical and subtropical regions of Central and South America, and adjacent Caribbean islands. They dwell largely underground in loose soil, sand, or leaf litter, feeding mainly on invertebrates such as insects and larvae. They exhibit a secretive, subterranean lifestyle and are rarely seen on the surface.

Reproduction: Reproductive modes vary; many species lay eggs (oviparous), while others are live-bearing (viviparous).

Mythology: In Greek and Roman myth, amphisbaena is a legendary serpent with a head at each end, capable of moving in either direction. The name derives from Greek amphis, meaning “both ways,” and bainein, meaning “to go.” The creature appears in early bestiaries and literature and is sometimes used as a symbol of duality or renewal.