3hydroxybutyrate

**3-Hydroxybutyrate**

3-Hydroxybutyrate (3HB) is a ketone body produced during the breakdown of fatty acids in the body, primarily in the liver. It serves as an alternative energy source for cells, particularly during periods of low glucose availability, such as fasting or prolonged exercise. Alongside acetoacetate and acetone, 3HB is part of the ketone body system, which plays a crucial role in metabolic flexibility.

In the context of metabolic health, elevated levels of 3HB are often associated with conditions like diabetic ketoacidosis, where uncontrolled diabetes leads to dangerous ketone accumulation. Conversely, therapeutic ketosis—induced through low-carbohydrate diets, fasting, or medications like phenobarbital—can increase 3HB levels, potentially offering benefits for conditions such as epilepsy, Alzheimer’s disease, and metabolic disorders.

Research suggests that 3HB may have neuroprotective properties, as it can cross the blood-brain barrier and provide fuel for brain cells. Some studies also explore its potential role in weight management, cognitive function, and even as a supplement for athletes seeking enhanced endurance. However, more clinical evidence is needed to fully understand its therapeutic applications.

Exogenous sources of 3HB, such as dietary supplements, are sometimes marketed for their metabolic benefits, though their efficacy remains a topic of ongoing investigation. Monitoring blood ketone levels is essential, as excessive ketosis can be harmful if not properly regulated. Overall, 3HB is a key metabolic intermediate with diverse implications in health and disease.