1dodecanol

1-Dodecanol, also known as lauryl alcohol, is a saturated long-chain fatty alcohol with the formula C12H26O and a molecular weight of about 186.34 g/mol. It is a primary alcohol (dodecyl group attached to the hydroxyl at carbon-1) and is one of several higher fatty alcohols used in industrial and consumer products. It is also referred to as dodecan-1-ol or lauryl alcohol.

Physically, 1-dodecanol is a waxy solid at room temperature with a melting point around 25–28°C. It is sparingly soluble in water but dissolves in many organic solvents such as ether, chloroform, and alcohols. The compound is relatively stable under ordinary conditions but can be oxidized to the corresponding fatty acids or aldehydes under certain conditions.

Industrial production of 1-dodecanol commonly involves hydroformylation of long-chain olefins (oxo process) to yield dodecanal, followed by hydrogenation to the alcohol. It can also be derived from natural fats and oils through hydrogenation and subsequent chemical processing. The material is often obtained as a mixture of isomers with the same carbon count, depending on the feedstock.

Applications are broad: it serves as a surfactant and emulsifier in detergents and personal care products, a processing aid and solvent in various formulations, and an intermediate for the synthesis of esters, lubricants, and fragrances. It is a precursor to sodium lauryl sulfate and other sulfate esters used in cleaners and shampoos.

Safety and handling considerations include irritation to skin and eyes with improper exposure. It is generally handled under standard laboratory or industrial hygiene practices; it is flammable and should be stored away from heat and open flames. It is readily biodegradable and used in many environmentally conscious formulations.